Sample Tank T-1: Bolted Steel Potable Water Storage
1Executive summary
The shell retains at least 90% of nominal wall thickness at every reading, and the upper three rings show negligible loss. The highest wall loss, 21% at a single location, was measured in the floor within roughly 8 ft of the outlet sump, under lining holidays where the coating had broken down. At the measured rate the floor in that area has about 17 years to the illustrative minimum thickness. The rate under open holidays usually accelerates, so the repair is listed as Priority 1.
Six weeping locations were found on vertical seams in ring 1, along with 38 cracked or missing bolt caps. These are routine maintenance items, but left alone they become the next corrosion site. We recommend shortening the next full inspection to three years (2029) to confirm the floor repair is holding.
2Scope & methods
| Activity | Method / reference | Coverage |
|---|---|---|
| Exterior & dome survey | Drone imagery and visual from grade and roof | 100% of shell and dome |
| Ultrasonic thickness | ASTM E797, calibrated to the step block on site | 24 readings per ring, 40-point floor grid |
| Coating thickness (DFT) | SSPC-PA 2 | Each zone, per the PA 2 frequency |
| Adhesion | ASTM D3359 (tape), ASTM D4541 (pull-off) at spot locations | Interior and exterior |
| Holiday detection | Low-voltage wet sponge, AMPP SP0188 | Floor and lower 4 ft of ring 1 |
| Blistering & rust rating | ASTM D714, ASTM D610 | Interior, by zone |
| Seams, bolts & sealant | Visual, with location by ring / seam / degrees | All vertical and horizontal seams |
3Ultrasonic thickness data
| Location | Nominal (in) | Readings | Average (in) | Minimum (in) | Max loss | Rate (mpy) | Min. required* (in) | Est. remaining life | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shell ring 1 (bottom) | 0.312 | 24 | 0.304 | 0.281 | 9.9% | 1.6 | 0.250 | 19 yr | Monitor |
| Shell ring 2 | 0.250 | 24 | 0.247 | 0.241 | 3.6% | 0.5 | 0.200 | >40 yr | Acceptable |
| Shell ring 3 | 0.188 | 24 | 0.186 | 0.183 | 2.7% | 0.3 | 0.150 | >40 yr | Acceptable |
| Shell ring 4 (top) | 0.141 | 24 | 0.139 | 0.136 | 3.5% | 0.3 | 0.100 | >40 yr | Acceptable |
| Floor (sampled grid) | 0.250 | 40 | 0.238 | 0.197 | 21.2% | 2.8 | 0.150 | 17 yr | Action |
Rate = (nominal − minimum) ÷ 19 years in service, in mils per year. Remaining life = (minimum − minimum required) ÷ rate. *Minimum required thicknesses are illustrative. In a real report they come from the tank’s design basis and the governing standard.
4Coating survey by zone
| Zone | Avg DFT (mils) | Adhesion | Holidays | Blister / rust | Condition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exterior shell, rings 1–4 | 7.4 | 4B (D3359) | n/a | None / 10 | Good |
| Interior vapor zone (top 3 ft) | 8.1 | 3B | Not tested | #6-F / 9 | Fair |
| Interior immersion, rings 2–4 | 8.6 | 4B; 1,150 psi pull-off | Not tested | None / 10 | Good |
| Interior ring 1, lower 4 ft | 8.2 | 3B | 4 | #8-F / 8 | Fair |
| Floor | 7.9 | 2B near sump; 4B elsewhere | 14 (11 within 8 ft of sump) | #4-M / 6 locally | Poor (local) |
Blistering per ASTM D714 (size-frequency), rust grade per ASTM D610 (10 = no rust). Adhesion ratings per ASTM D3359 unless noted.
5Key findings




6Prioritized recommendations
Priority 1: within 6 months
- Abrasive-blast and spot-reline the floor within 8 ft of the outlet sump. Holiday-test the repair to 100%.
- Remove and replace sealant at the six weeping ring 1 seam locations (F-02).
- Disinfect per AWWA C652 before returning the tank to service.
Priority 2: within 6–24 months
- Replace 38 cracked or missing bolt caps, and clean and coat the exposed bolt heads (F-03).
- Add continuous coating monitoring (for example, HolidayGuard™) or commission interior cathodic protection on the floor and ring 1.
- Repair vapor-zone blistering at the roof seam (F-04) during the next planned outage.
Priority 3: plan for 2–5 years
- Carry a full floor reline in the capital plan, and confirm or defer it at the 2029 inspection.
- Run a repair, reline or replace lifecycle comparison before the next budget cycle.
- Next comprehensive inspection: 2029 (shortened from five years because of the floor loss rate).
7Inspector certification
CCI inspection team
API 653 Aboveground Storage Tank Inspector, cert. no. 00000
CCI inspection team
AMPP Certified Coating Inspector (CIP), cert. no. 000000